Saturday, 2 November 2013

Academic Summary and In-Text Citation Analysis



Academic Summary of an Article

            In this paper, the main ideas expressed in the article by Atsushi Iida (2010) Developing Voice by Composing Haiku: A Social- Expressivist Approach for Teaching Haiku Writing in EFL Contexts are summarized. The author describes and explains a social approach within the wider Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)  Method as a useful as well as enriching means to lead EFL students towards the expression of their “inner feelings” and the “development of voice and audience awareness” (Iida, 2010, p.28) while developing their linguistic tools at the same time.
            Iida (2010) starts his article by presenting poetry writing as a social approach to language development and self-awareness. He points out that Haiku, a type of Japanese poetry, can be used as a classroom writing activity to foster students' construction of identity by expressing their own beliefs, feelings and thoughts. Particular importance he seems to give to the role of audience in the construction of this identity. This can be seen when he states that “just developing voice is insufficient because without an audience there is only one-way communication” (p.29). Contrary to that, when socializing, he adds, students negotiate meaning and value systems. Additionally, he sustains that this type of poetry possesses a structure that facilitates not only fluent writing but also vocabulary acquisition (2010).
            Iida (2010) continues to describe the somehow flexible structure of a Haiku poem, accompanied by an example to shed light on the “multiple interpretations” it might trigger (p.30). He points out that it is precisely this multiplicity of interpretations that allows for the reader's imagination and the writer's freedom of expression, which makes of Haiku a “humanistic approach” to writing (p.30)
            Iida (2010) goes on to explain why the relationship between the writer and the reader in Haiku is important when teaching students how to write a poem of this type. He reinforces the fact that students need to be aware of the presence of readers that will “judge the quality of haiku” (Minagawa, 2007 as cited in Iida, 2010, p.30) and in order to develop “authentic communication skills” (p.31). Towards the end of his article, he explains five suggested steps to be followed by teachers to present and work with Haiku in class and how the teacher can approach Haiku analysis to make of it an effective tool in language teaching that actually goes beyond that.
            At the end of his article, Iida (2010) concludes his work making a summary of the main ideas developed in it. He also seems to reinforce the benefits that this social approach to language teaching and learning can have in university classrooms and the plenty of opportunities that it opens towards self-discovery, inner exploration, culture awareness and skills practice among others (2010).

 References
Iida, A. (2010) Developing voice by composing Haiku: a social-expressivist approach for teaching Haiku writing in EFL contexts. English Teaching Forum. (Number 1), pp.28-34

 

Analysis of In - Text Citations

            All along his article, Iida (2010) makes reference, directly or indirectly, to works of other writers following APA (American Psychological Association) style. One example of the use of in-text citations that he makes is the following sentence: “Bishop (1999, 17) also describes the need for writers to gain ‛a deeper understanding of the connections between thought, words, and life’ in order to explore the self” (p. 29). In this case, Iida is quoting Bishop directly, transcribing his words textually.
            In other instances, Iida (2010) includes the work or study of other scholars by paraphrasing their ideas. This can be seen in the following example: “Haiku entertains readers, and it is the readers who judge the quality of Haiku” (Minagawa 2007, as cited in Iida, 2010, p. 30).
            Even though the author seems to make a meaningful use of in-text citations to support his arguments, he does not always follow APA style conventions to cite other studies or writers. His work does include part of the necessary information such as the name of the authors cited and the dates of publication of their works. However, he does not respect punctuation conventions since the name of the author being cited is not followed by a comma as established by APA styles.
 
References
Iida, A. (2010) Developing voice by composing Haiku: a social-expressivist approach for teaching Haiku writing in EFL contexts. English Teaching Forum. (Number 1), pp. 28-34.

No comments:

Post a Comment